7^th International Conference on Public Health and Nursing September 19-20, 2018 Singapore

Bawa-Muhammad Taiwo Hassanat is a registered nurse with Nigeria Nursing and Midwifery Council. She received her bachelor of Nursing Science from National Open University of Nigeria Lagos with second class upper. She is a student midwife in a second semester at Usmanu Dan Fodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria. She is the founder and Principal at Brighter Maternal and Child Healthalth Foundation, a non governmental organization that care for vulnerable families especially mothers and children She is the present vice chairman of Federations of Local Government Nurses and Midwife Abuja Municipal Area Council branch Abuja, Federal Capital Territory Nigeria from April 2012. She is the nurse in charge of antenatal, postnatal, family planning and prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AID and also an adherence counsellor in Jahi I Primary Health Care clinic FCT Abuja Nigeria from 2012 July till date. Her current research project is factors influencing the utilisation of postnatal care services and factors influencing bringing care from clinics to home in Nigeria.

Dr. Juruena is currently working as Nurse II at Southern Philippines Medical Center as well as a Nursing Instructor (Part-time) at Davao Medical School Foundation, Inc. He received his PhD in Nursing Practice at Mandaue City College in 2017. He completed his Master of Arts in Nursing major in Medical-Surgical Nursing at University of the Visayas in 2015. He currently undertaking his second professional doctorate degree, Doctor of Healthcare Management at University of the Visayas. He also works as one of the Editorial Board Members and Peer Reviewers in Nursing and Palliative Care International Journal at Ology Press in Budapest, Hungary. He has authored two books, one for Master’s thesis and the other is Doctorate dissertation. His works reflect his research interests in healthcare management and clinical nursing. He is serving as a member of Philippine Nurses Association and National League of Philippine Government Nurses

Studies on leadership nowadays are tend to focus more on leaders’ influence to their followers. But little did we know that followers have also influenced their leaders. Mutual perceived support relationship between leaders and followers is essential as it would affect the performance outcomes of the latter. However, on the head nurses’ perspective, there has no study conducted on how they manage to support their staff nurses amidst of work demands which may possibly hinder their job to succeed. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of perceived support relationship of head nurses on the performance outcomes of staff nurses in two selected government hospitals. The study utilized a descriptive-analytical research design. Nineteen head nurses and 137 staff nurses were agreed to participate in this study using the universal sampling technique. Creditor ideology of the head nurses has a significant effect on the staff nurses’ performance outcomes. Head nurses’ perceived support relationship, dispositional variables, and work stressors through staff nurses’ perceived supportive supervision are all predictors of staff nurses’ performance outcomes. Improving the organizational support and supportive supervision of head nurses notably increase the staff nurses’ performance outcomes; reducing the head nurses’ perceived negative reciprocity norm and role-conflict increase the staff nurses’ performance outcomes; reducing the head nurses’ perceived reciprocation wariness and need for emotional support decrease the staff nurses’ performance outcomes; reducing the head nurses’ perceived follower support, exchange ideology, and creditor ideology significantly decrease the staff nurses’ performance outcomes; and, the more the head nurses become narcissistic, have more workload, and large span of control greatly decrease the staff nurses’ performance outcomes.

Fatimah has completed her bachelor of science in Nursing from Prince Sultan Military College for Health Science in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia in 2012. In 2015, she studied Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Administration. She works as Registered Nurse in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Currently, she is a graduate student in Public Health program at Arcadia University. Fatimah received The Molly Haas Valentine Award at Honors Convocation at Arcadia University which is an award for a graduate student who is completing a master's degree with distinction in the pursuit of excellence.

Background: Many factors contribute to patient outcomes, including nurse staffing. Nurse staffing refers to the nurse/patient ratios and credentials. In the U.S., states have varying nurse staffing laws and therefore it is crucial to understand how each policy might contribute to better patient outcomes and positive patient experiences. Objective: The goal is to assess common quality indicators (i.e., patient outcomes and satisfaction) among different U.S. states that have enacted a nurse staffing-related laws. Design/Methods: Secondary data that are publicly available on the Hospital Compare website were analyzed descriptively. States were randomly selected and categorized based on the enacted nurse staffing laws since 2004. Two outcomes were selected and compared in the selected states based on the Donabedian’s model: healthcare-associated infection (HAIs) (technical outcomes) and patient satisfaction (interpersonal outcomes). Results: Among the five states that were selected (CA, OH, IL, NY, MD), Ohio which enacted a nurse-driven staffing committee had higher patient satisfaction with nursing practice and had lower HAIs than the national average. Also, HAIs were lower in Illinois that enacted two nurse staffing laws (staffing committee and disclose of staffing levels). On the other hand, Maryland that enacted no nurse staffing-related laws had the worst patient satisfaction and higher HAIs than the national average. Conclusion: Current nurse staffing laws present opportunities for more understanding and improvement in the quality of patient care. This is an important area of study given high morbidity and hospitalizations experienced in the U.S.

Ms. Ju-Fen, Liu has completed her Master of Science degree from Hungkuang University, Taiwan two years ago. She is an registered nurse for tweenty years. She held the ACLS certifacte and she is the head nurse of Surgical Intensive Care Unit for two years. She has nursing management experiences for ten years in Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taiwan

Diabetes has been the fourth leading cause of death in Taiwan since 2002. Patients who have diabetic foot, as well as their caregivers, are faced with the burden of possible limb amputation and treatment. The objective of this study was to explore the diabetic foot patients and their family caregivers decision making process of patients’ amputation. Grounded theory was utilised in this study. 16 participants were recucited from hospital using purposive sampling in middle of Taiwan. The data analysis was conducted through open coding, axial coding, selective coding, and memo writing. The study revealed that the decision-making process of amputation from the point of view of patients and their caregivers consisted of following categories. The three categories were “the experiences multiple diseases”, “the experience of treatment in wounds difficult to heal”, and “the decision to amputate”. The core category of the decision-making process of amputation was “the choice of survive- amputation” The study results indicated that the patients and their family caregivers experienced anxiety and feelings of helplessness during the decision-making process of amputation caused by diabetic foot because of the extreme difficulty and dilemmatic nature of the decision. Therefore, after understanding the patients’ medical history and decision-making process regarding amputation, healthcare professionals are encouraged to empathize such patients, respect the patients’ and family caregivers’ decision, and thereby provide them with necessary care. The recommendation for future research may include health care professionals’ perspective and family care process for amputees to understand the decision-making process of patients who require amputation

Ms. Hong-Shi Ru is a registered nurse for twelve years and a nurse leader in the ward for two years in Tung’s hospital, Taiwan. She has just completed her Master degree August, 2018 from Hungkuang University, Taiwan. This presentation is based on her master thesis

Background According to statistics compiled by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, accidents were the third most common causes of death in Taiwan in 2016. Approximately 1200 new cases of spinal cord injury (SCI) each year are caused by accidents. Spinal cord injury restricts physical activity and hampers physical, mental, and social adaptation. Objectives This study explored health professionals’ experience of caring for patients with spinal cord injury. Methods The study uses qualitative interpretive phenomenology approach to interview nurses who take care of patients with SCI. Purposive sampling was used to select health professionals as interviewees. The data was collected through one-to-one interview for this study. After the data collection, the use Golaizzi (1978) seven steps are utilized in the data analysis. Results The five themes emerge from this study: accident-induced paralysis, acute care for patients, patients’ rehabilitation after paralysis, change in family structure, and recommendations based on care experiences. This study revealed that accidents were the primary cause of spinal cord injury, and that nurses may neglect patients’ spiritual and social care. Specific case managers should be employed to provide follow-up care for spinal cord injury patients. Additionally, support groups should be used to increase contact between health care professionals and patients, and career guidance should be offered to patients to ensure their sociality. Implications for Practice For future research, this study suggests to investigate of topics such as a patient’s and their family’s post-injury adaption process. In addition, the sexual desire of patients with spinal cord injury requires further exploration.

Charlotte has completed her Master degree of Public Health in School of Public Health from The Chinese University of Hong Kong. She is working in a public hospital of Hospital Authority as a registered nurse. Her specialty is Haematology. Charlotte also takes the role of infection control linked nurse in her ward. She is currently working on the Evidence-based research project in the department.

Background: Vaccination is an important cost-effective measure for preparing against influenza, but uptake rate of flu vaccination was low among nurses worldwide. In Hong Kong, a place suffered from 2003 SARS outbreak and 2009 flu pandemic, the intention to receive flu vaccine among nurses was unexpectedly low. Purposes: This study aimed to identify factors associated with nurses’ intention to influenza vaccination and their risk perception towards influenza and vaccination. Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in January to February 2018. 300 nurses who worked in a Hong Kong public hospital were recruited by convenience sampling. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis were used. Results: For the coming year, 66 (24.6%) respondents were willing to receive influenza vaccine, 133 (49.6%) refused to be vaccinated, and 69 (25.7%) were undecided. For respondents who refused vaccination, “the flu vaccine may not be safe” (40.6%) and “the vaccine may not good for health” (21.1%) were the statistical significant associated factors with p-value < .05. After adjusted the regression logistic model, factors related to the intention of the vaccination were “Previous experience of vaccination” (OR= 98.66, 95% CI [19.79-491.75]), “Taking seasonal influenza vaccination could effectively protect me from being infected with influenza” (OR=40.71, 95%CI [8.20-202.02]) and “likelihood of being infected in the coming influenza season” (OR=3.46, 95%CI [1.024-11.67]). Conclusion: Education on vaccination safety and promotion which focus on flu vaccination effectiveness and the likelihood of contracting influenza are crucial to “kick-off” the journey of vaccination, increase awareness and vaccination uptake rate among nurses.

Dr. Mi-Ae You is a professor from college of nursing, Ajou University and teaching student about pediatric nursing. She has published research papers in international journals and has been serving as a reviewer. One of her interest areas of research is safe administration of medication. She is currently conducting the project granted from government entitled development and evaluation of mobile web based program about safe medication administration for Kids’ parent

Statement of the Problem: With regard to administering medication, parents sometimes mix up medicines or administer medication improperly due to complicated methods, and experience difficulties in administering the correct dosages. It is important to first determine how much parents know about administering medication. As mothers are primary caregivers, this study set out to assess how much mothers know about administering medication, and their related educational needs. Further, this study aimed to identify the factors that affect the administration of medication to children at home. Methodology: Five mothers who had administered medication to their preschool children at least once were randomly sampled as the study’s research subjects. The research data were collected through one-on-one in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted by analyzing the interview responses to some of the main questions, based on the notes taken in the interview. Conclusion & Significance: The caregiver who usually (most often) gave medication to the children was their mother, and every mother who participated in this research responded that she had administered fever reducers and antibiotics to her children. Some of them stated that they had been told how to administer medication by doctors or pharmacists, but had not been given information about side effects or precautions. They also responded that they sometimes stopped administering the prescribed medication to their child when his or her symptoms disappeared, and stored the remaining medication for possible future needs of the child’s siblings. They added that proper education on administering medication was needed for them to safely administer medicine to their children. The findings showed that the mothers who participated as research subjects in this study had different experiences of administering medication, and relevant education based on correct knowledge was needed for them to administer medication safely at home

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Purpose The author has organized “The Awata kenko machizukuri kai” (the Awata Health and Community Development Association ) with a neighborhood self-governing association, which is a local resident organization of Awata school district, the Community Senior’s Association, “Josei-Kai ” (the Community Women’s Association), local elderly care management center, which is the organization entrusted by the public administration, and preventive care promotion center, and conducted a program to breed the social capital. In this study, the author aimed to verify the effects of social capital in the super-aging society. Methods Awata school district is located in Ward B, where proportion of elderly is highest in Kyoto city. The number of elderly who are 65 years old or older is 1,139 (31.4%). An inventory survey was conducted for 2,015 residents who were 40 years old or older of Awata school district in January 2018. Results Responses were obtained from 427 subjects (collection 21.1%). The number of subjects who were 40 years or older was 418 {253 females (60.2%), 165 males (39.3%)} and that of subjects who were 65 years or older 291 (69.3%). Positive correlation with life satisfaction (LSIK) was seen in frequency of going out, economic capacity, depth of association with neighbors, community feeling, feeling of subjective health and life habit, and negative correlation with it was seen in loneliness (J-UCLA) and depression (GDS). The subjects were divided into two groups, subjects who participated in “The Awata kenko machizukuri kai” and those who did not. It has been found that life satisfaction is significantly higher in participation group than in non-participation group. Discussion Kyoto city is a local community where a number of festivals have been inherited. However, acceleration of aging may influence well-being of the residents while it makes execution of the events difficult, which weakens the association of the local residents, the author presume. The practice of “The Awata kenko machizukuri kai” suggests a model as a concrete practice example of regional comprehensive care system by residents' participation.

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A rapidly aging population is a serious concern in Japan. In particular people aged 65 and over constituted 27.3% of the population in 2016 and the number of households of older adults living alone were 6 million in 2015. This figures have led to several social problems such as social isolation (SI) particularly in urban areas. And there are other social problems such as growing rate of single people and declining rate of birth in middle age and adolescence. Purpose The purpose of this study is to clarify prevalences of SI and factors related to SI of both middle-aged and old-aged citizens resided in an urban area with a super-aging rate. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted in Awata elementary school district in January, 2018. This area is located in ward Higashiyama, where proportion of elderly is 33.5% and highest in Kyoto city. The response rate is 21.1% (427/2,015). We used Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS) to measure SI (LSNS<12). Univariate analysis was performed to examine factors related to SI in both middle aged and old aged. Results Prevalences of SI were 30.0% in middle age and 36.3% in old age. In middle age men had a higher proportion of SI than women, and unmarried people had a higher proportion of SI than married people. SI people had worse lifestyle, excessive drinking habit and depression than non-SI people. In old age men had a higher proportion of SI than women and SI people had worse lifestyle, excessive drinking habit and lower life satisfaction, depression, loneliness and lower sense of community than non-SI people. Discussion This study showed high prevalences of both middle and old aged residents in an urban district. For prevention in middle aged people, promoting good health practice and mental health may be important, but in old aged people not only good health practice and mental health but also sense of community is recommended.